Metabolomics & Nutrition AA

Amino Acids Panel.

Comprehensive quantitative profiling of 26 amino acids from a single dried blood spot, serum, or plasma sample. Performed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Quick Reference
Method
LC-MS/MS
Sample Types
DBS Serum Plasma
Analytes

26 amino acids

Turnaround

3–5 working days

View Sample Report Enquire About This Test

What does this test assess?

This panel provides a quantitative assessment of 26 amino acids, enabling evaluation of nutritional status, protein metabolism, and detection of metabolic imbalances.

Clinical indications include:

  • Assessment of dietary adequacy in elimination, vegan, vegetarian, and restrictive diets
  • Sports nutrition monitoring and optimisation of protein intake
  • Evaluation of amino acid imbalances in clinical and subclinical settings
  • Screening for inborn errors of amino acid metabolism
  • Monitoring of parenteral nutrition and enteral feeding regimens
  • Assessment of hepatic synthetic function and catabolic states

Measured analytes

Analyte / GroupComponentsClinical Significance
Essential amino acids Histidine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Lysine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Threonine, Tryptophan, Valine Cannot be synthesised by the body; must be obtained from diet
Conditionally essential Arginine, Glutamine, Glycine, Proline, Tyrosine Required in greater amounts during illness, stress, or growth
Non-essential Alanine, Asparagine, Aspartate, Cysteine, Glutamate, Serine Synthesised endogenously under normal conditions
Neuroactive GABA, Taurine Important roles in neurotransmission and cellular osmoregulation
Note

All 26 amino acids are quantified simultaneously from a single sample using isotope-dilution LC-MS/MS, providing high specificity and minimal matrix interference.

About amino acids

Amino acids are the fundamental building blocks of proteins and play critical roles in virtually every biological process. Beyond protein synthesis, they serve as precursors for neurotransmitters, hormones, and other bioactive molecules, and participate in energy metabolism, immune function, and detoxification.

20+

Proteinogenic amino acids forming the basis of all human proteins

9 Essential

Must be obtained through diet as the body cannot synthesise them

Neuro

Several amino acids serve as neurotransmitters or precursors

The amino acid pool in blood reflects the dynamic balance between dietary protein intake, endogenous protein synthesis and degradation, and amino acid catabolism. Alterations in this balance can indicate nutritional deficiencies, metabolic disorders, organ dysfunction, or catabolic states such as critical illness or post-surgical recovery.

Branched-chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, valine) are particularly important in sports medicine and clinical nutrition, as they play key roles in muscle protein synthesis, energy production during exercise, and regulation of protein turnover.

Clinical significance

Amino acid profiling is valuable across multiple clinical contexts. In paediatrics, it supports newborn screening and diagnosis of inherited amino acid disorders such as phenylketonuria (PKU) and maple syrup urine disease. In adult medicine, it aids assessment of hepatic function, renal disease, and nutritional status in malabsorption syndromes.

Key applications
Newborn screening for inherited metabolic disorders
Nutritional assessment in restrictive or specialised diets
Sports performance and recovery optimisation
Hepatic and renal function assessment
Monitoring of parenteral and enteral nutrition
Catabolic state evaluation in critical illness

Analytical technique

The test is performed using isotope-dilution high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). This approach provides simultaneous quantification of all 26 amino acids with high specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility. Isotopically labelled internal standards ensure accurate quantification across the full dynamic range.

Sample information

This method can be performed on three sample types: dried blood spot (DBS), serum, or plasma, providing flexibility for clinical, research, and remote collection scenarios.

Testing process

From enquiry to results in a few simple steps — no clinic visit required.

1
Get in touch
Contact us to discuss your testing requirements
2
Collect your sample
Simple finger-prick onto a dried blood spot card — at home or in clinic
3
Post to our lab
DBS cards are stable at room temperature — ship by regular post worldwide
4
Receive results
Results delivered within 3–5 working days of sample receipt

Where this test is available

This test is available to healthcare professionals, wellness brands, clinics, and research institutions worldwide. We currently serve partners in:

  • Europe (EU & non-EU)
  • United Kingdom
  • Asia & Southeast Asia
  • Australia & New Zealand
  • United States

Whether you need testing services for your patients, white-label kits for your brand, or method transfer to your own laboratory — get in touch to discuss how we can work together.

Literature

  1. Blau N, et al. “Physician's Guide to the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Follow-Up of Inherited Metabolic Diseases.” Springer, 2014.
  2. Wu G. “Amino acids: metabolism, functions, and nutrition.” Amino Acids, 2009, 37(1):1-17. 10.1007/s00726-009-0269-0
  3. Shimbo K, et al. “Automated precolumn derivatization system for analyzing physiological amino acids by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry.” Biomedical Chromatography, 2010, 24(7):683-691. 10.1002/bmc.1346

Frequently Asked Questions

What does the amino acid profile test?

This test quantifies 26 amino acids from a single dried blood spot, serum, or plasma sample using LC-MS/MS. The panel includes all 9 essential amino acids (histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, valine), conditionally essential amino acids (arginine, glutamine, glycine, proline, tyrosine), non-essential amino acids, and neuroactive compounds including GABA and taurine.

Why test amino acid levels?

Amino acid profiling identifies deficiencies that can affect muscle protein synthesis, neurotransmitter production, immune function, and energy metabolism. Imbalances may indicate nutritional inadequacy, malabsorption, liver or kidney dysfunction, or inborn errors of metabolism. Testing provides objective data to guide dietary modifications, supplementation strategies, and clinical interventions.

How is the sample collected?

The test can be performed from a finger-prick dried blood spot (DBS) or from serum or plasma collected by venepuncture. DBS collection enables convenient at-home sampling without a clinic visit. The sample can be posted to our laboratory by regular mail from anywhere in the world.

How long does it take to get results?

Results are typically delivered within 3 to 5 working days from the time your sample arrives at our laboratory. The analysis is performed by LC-MS/MS with isotopically labelled internal standards, providing simultaneous quantification of all 26 amino acids with high specificity and reproducibility.

Who benefits most from amino acid testing?

Athletes optimising muscle recovery and protein intake, vegetarians and vegans checking dietary protein adequacy, patients with chronic fatigue or unexplained muscle weakness, clinicians investigating malabsorption syndromes or inherited metabolic disorders, and researchers in sports nutrition and clinical nutrition all benefit from amino acid profiling. It is also valuable for monitoring parenteral and enteral feeding regimens in clinical settings.

Which countries is this test available in?

Masdiag's amino acid profile test is available worldwide through our partner network. We currently serve healthcare professionals, wellness brands, and clinics in Europe, the United Kingdom, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. Contact us to discuss testing services, white-label kits, or method transfer to your laboratory.

Interested in this method?

Whether you need testing services, method transfer, or white-label kit development — we'd love to hear from you.