Forensic Toxicology GHB

γ-Hydroxybutyric Acid.

Quantitative GHB determination from whole blood, vitreous fluid, or urine by LC-MS/MS for forensic applications.

Quick Reference
Method
LC-MS/MS
Sample Types
Whole Blood Urine
Analytes

1 analyte

Turnaround

3–5 working days

Enquire About This Test

What does this test assess?

This method provides quantitative determination of γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) for forensic and medico-legal applications, supporting investigations by justice and law enforcement agencies.

Clinical indications include:

  • Drug-facilitated sexual assault investigation
  • Forensic post-mortem toxicology
  • GHB overdose confirmation
  • Medico-legal investigation of suspicious deaths

Measured analytes

Analyte coverage

γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB). Also available from vitreous fluid (aqueous humour) for post-mortem cases where blood may be unreliable.

Analytical technique

GHB is quantified by validated forensic LC-MS/MS method with isotope-dilution internal standardisation. The method accounts for endogenous GHB production and post-mortem formation artefacts.

Testing process

From enquiry to results — a straightforward process.

1
Get in touch
Contact us to discuss your testing requirements
2
Collect your sample
Blood sample collected by a healthcare professional or forensic officer
3
Send to our lab
Samples shipped to our laboratory following chain-of-custody protocols
4
Receive results
Results delivered within 3–5 working days of sample receipt

Where this test is available

This test is available to healthcare professionals, wellness brands, clinics, and research institutions worldwide. We currently serve partners in:

  • Europe (EU & non-EU)
  • United Kingdom
  • Asia & Southeast Asia
  • Australia & New Zealand
  • United States

Whether you need testing services for your patients, white-label kits for your brand, or method transfer to your own laboratory — get in touch to discuss how we can work together.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is GHB testing forensically challenging?

GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyric acid) is produced endogenously by the body at low concentrations and can also form post-mortem through bacterial action on its precursor GBL and related compounds. Our validated LC-MS/MS method accounts for these factors, using established cut-off values and specimen-specific interpretation to distinguish between endogenous levels and exogenous administration.

What specimens can be tested?

Whole blood, vitreous humour (eye fluid), and urine can all be tested. Vitreous fluid is particularly valuable in post-mortem cases as it is less susceptible to bacterial GHB formation than blood, providing a more reliable indication of ante-mortem GHB levels. Multiple specimen types can be analysed in combination for stronger forensic conclusions.

How is the sample collected?

Samples are collected by forensic officers or pathologists following appropriate chain-of-custody and preservation protocols. Blood specimens require sodium fluoride preservation to inhibit bacterial GHB production. Prompt sample collection and proper storage are critical for reliable results.

How long does it take to get results?

Results are typically delivered within 3 to 5 working days from the time your sample arrives at our laboratory. The analysis is performed by LC-MS/MS with validated forensic methodology and documented measurement uncertainty.

What is the difference between endogenous and exogenous GHB?

Normal endogenous GHB levels in living individuals are typically below 4–10 mg/L in blood. Levels significantly above this threshold, combined with clinical context and timing of sample collection, suggest exogenous administration. Post-mortem interpretation requires specialist expertise as bacterial production can elevate levels substantially, which is why vitreous fluid analysis is recommended alongside blood testing.

Which countries is this test available in?

Masdiag's GHB forensic test is available to forensic laboratories, law enforcement agencies, and healthcare professionals in Europe, the United Kingdom, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. Contact us to discuss testing services or method transfer.

Interested in this method?

Whether you need testing services, method transfer, or white-label kit development — we'd love to hear from you.